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NDA Mock Test 2027: Free UPSC NDA & NA Online Test Series

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Ali Hassan

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Published: 18 Sep, 2026

NDA Mock Test 2027: Free UPSC NDA & NA Online Test Series

Last Updated: September 18, 2026 | Verified for UPSC NDA & NA Examination Patterns
Notice concerning education and future-cycle safety: The exam pattern and marking scheme described on this page are derived from the most recent official UPSC NDA notification and may be changed for the 2027 cycle. The page will be updated right away upon the official release of new information. The historical cutoff scores and application statistics provided are given solely for reference. The precise registration deadlines, eligibility cutoffs, and examination schedules for both NDA 1 and NDA 2 in 2027 will not be confirmed until the official UPSC annual calendar has been published.

NDA Mock Test 2027: Free UPSC NDA & NA Online Test Series (Maths & GAT)

The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC), the body which organises the examination for the National Defence Academy and the Naval Academy, is in charge of selecting officers for the Indian Army, the Indian Navy and the Indian Air Force.

The written examination consists of 900 marks divided between two papers: Paper 1, Mathematics, which has 300 marks and 120 questions, and Paper 2, the General Ability Test, which has 600 marks and 150 questions. Both papers last for 2.5 hours and use the UPSC's strict one-third negative marking system (the scoring is +2.5 with a penalty of -0.833 marks in Mathematics and +4.0 with a penalty of -1.333 marks in the GAT). Candidates are only eligible to take the 900-mark Services Selection Board (SSB) interview if they meet both the individual section cutoffs and the overall written cutoff.

The NDA Mock Test 2027 system assists you in preparing for the real 5-hour physical and mental ordeal by offering well-balanced sets of questions, permitting you to monitor your pacing with real-time timers, enabling you to determine your sectional cutoffs, and providing the possibility of downloading printable OMR sheets for use with pen and paper.

UPSC NDA & NA 2027 WRITTEN EXAMINATION SNAPSHOT Commission Overview
Conducting Agency : Union Public Service Commission (UPSC)
Selection Route : Written Examination (900 Marks) + SSB Interview & Medicals (900 Marks)
Paper 1 (in the morning): Mathematics | 120 questions | 300 marks | 2.5 hours | Marking: +2.5 for each correct answer / –0.833 for each incorrect one |
Paper 2 (in the afternoon): General Ability Test | 150 questions | 600 marks | 2.5 hours | +4.0 / -1.333
Sectional Cutoff : Minimum 20% to 25% qualifying marks mandatory in BOTH papers individually
Examination Mode : Offline Pen & Paper (OMR Sheet) with Bilingual Question Booklets
Platform Access : 100% Free Full-Length Tests, Sectional Diagnostic Tools & Printable OMR Sheets


NDA Mathematics mock test study desk 2027

SECTION 1: Live Test Launcher 

Start your complete exam simulation using our dual-paper testing console:


⚔️ UPSC NATIONAL DEFENCE ACADEMY (NDA & NA) PRACTICE CONSOLE — 2027 CYCLE
Active Console
📚 Test Inventory
Inventory Suite : 10 Full-Length Paper 1 Sets (Maths) + 10 Full-Length Paper 2 Sets (GAT)
📐 Mathematics Structure
The paper consisted of 120 questions in the field of mathematics, with a total mark of 300 and a duration of 150 minutes, together with 2.5 marks awarded for each correct answer and a deduction of 0.833 marks for each incorrect answer.
📖 GAT Structure
The GAT consists of 50 questions in English (worth 200 marks) and 100 questions in General Knowledge (worth 400 marks) | plus 4.0 and minus 1.333 |
⏱️ Duration Control
Timing Controller : 150 Minutes per paper with individual countdown and question flag monitors
📊 Diagnostic Feedback
Evaluation Suite : Automated Sectional Cutoff Checker, AIR Percentile & Step-by-Step Solutions
📝 Offline OMR Practice
Offline Practice : One-Click Printable Official UPSC 120/150 Question Bubble OMR Sheet Download

SECTION 2: UPSC NDA Exam Pattern & Marking Scheme 2027

The written examination organised by the UPSC takes place on a single day and is divided into two separate sessions. In order that you may plan your answers with care, it is necessary to understand the marking system as well as the penalties in each paper.

Paper Subject Questions Max Marks Duration Correct Mark Negative Penalty
Paper 1 Mathematics 120 questions 300 marks 2.5 hours +2.5 marks -0.833 mark (1/3)
Paper 2 GAT 150 questions 600 marks 2.5 hours +4.0 marks –1.333 mark (1/3)
Total CBT written 270 questions 900 marks 5.0 hours according to the Official 1/3rd Rule
Stage 2 SSB Review 5 Days 900 Marks 5 Days Personality Officer Qualities

Paper 1: Mathematics (300 Marks, 120 Questions)

The mathematics exam has 120 questions drawn from the Class 11 and Class 12 syllabuses and must be completed within 150 minutes, that is about one minute and fifteen seconds per question.

You receive +2.5 marks for each question that you answer correctly and 0.833 marks are deducted for each question that you get wrong; if you leave a question blank then you get 0 marks and there is no penalty.

Depending only on speed will not allow you to complete this paper; you cannot do 120 questions in 150 minutes, so your score will be determined by quickly spotting the questions that can be answered and omitting the more difficult ones.

Paper 2: General Ability Test (600 Marks, 150 Questions)

The General Ability Test (GAT) has 150 multiple-choice questions totaling 600 marks and is divided into two separate sections:

  • Section A: English (50 questions, 200 marks): This part assesses vocabulary, grammar usage, sentence ordering, and comprehension.
  • Section B: General Knowledge (100 questions, 400 marks): This part assesses knowledge of physics, chemistry, general science, social studies, geography, and current events.

A correct answer in GAT earns +4.0 marks, whereas an incorrect one leads to a deduction of 1.333 marks. Because the penalty for getting an answer wrong is so high, guessing at random can easily reduce a good score.

The Critical Sectional Cutoff Rule (Why Aggregate Score Alone Isn't Enough)

Many people make a serious mistake when getting ready: they spend all their time on their strongest subject.

Candidates often get a score of 380 in the GAT but still fail the exam as their mark in Mathematics is only 55; the UPSC imposes a mandatory sectional qualifying cutoff on both Paper 1 and Paper 2.

THE SECTIONAL CUTOFF TRAP EXPLAINED Cutoff Warning
Minimum Qualifying Benchmark : Typically 20% to 25% in EACH paper individually
Paper 1 Mathematics Cutoff : Minimum 60 to 75 Marks required out of 300
Paper 2 GAT Cutoff : Minimum 120 to 150 Marks required out of 600
Important Commission Rule : If you score below the Mathematics cutoff, UPSC does not evaluate Your GAT paper and your candidate record have been shown as disqualified.

A system incorporating an Automated Sectional Cutoff Evaluator is used for testing, and when you submit a test, the scorecard will indicate your clearance level for each of the two papers as well as your overall score.

SECTION 3: Negative Marking Formula: How UPSC Penalizes Wrong Answers

The UPSC imposes a strict penalty of one-third on both papers; nevertheless, since the questions in the different papers have different values, the actual number of penalty points varies:

Parameter Paper 1: Mathematics Paper 2: General Ability Test
Correct Answer Marks +2.50 marks for a correct answer +4.00 marks
Penalty for Wrong -0.833 marks -1.333 marks
Three Incorrect Costs deduct 2.50 for cancelling one correct answer deduct 4 for cancelling one correct answer
Six blind guesses Net score: -1.66 marks (statistically) Net score: -2.66 marks (on average)

Using this system, it is to your disadvantage to choose answers at random from four options. There is a 25% chance of picking the right answer, so when you make four guesses you will on average get one correct answer (+2.5 marks) and three wrong ones (-2.5 marks); thus, there is no advantage and you are in danger of losing marks if your guesses are incorrect.

Only answer tricky questions if you know for sure that at least two options are wrong.

SECTION 4: Section-Wise NDA Mock Test Breakdown & Syllabus Weightage

If you consider each topic one at a time, you will have no trouble in meeting all the section cutoffs. The syllabus breakdown for both papers is as given below:

PAPER 1: MATHEMATICS (120 QUESTIONS / 300 MARKS) Maths Syllabus
  • Trigonometry (15 to 20 questions): identities, heights and distances, inverse trigonometric ratios
  • 2. Matrices and Determinants (10–12): the various types of matrices, the adjoint, the inverse, and Cramer's Rule
  • 3. Differential Calculus (12–15): Limits, Continuity, Derivatives, Tangents and Maxima and Minima
  • 4. Integral Calculus (10-14 Qs): Definite Integrals, Area Under Curves, Differential Equations
  • Analytical Geometry (15 to 18 questions): straight lines, circles, parabola, ellipse, three-dimensional direction cosines
  • Conditional Probability, Bayes' Theorem, Mean, and Variance — Probability and Statistics (for children between the ages of 12 and 16)
  • 7. Vector Algebra (8 to 10 questions): Dot Product, Cross Product, Scalar Triple Product
  • 8. Algebra & Sequences (12-15 Qs): Sets, Relations, Complex Numbers, Quadratic Equations, AP, GP

High-Weightage Chapters in Mathematics

To clear the 75-mark threshold and aim for 130+ marks, focus your revision on these core areas:

  • Trigonometry usually has between 15 and 20 questions; be certain to master the basic identities, the compound angles, the properties of triangles, and the inverse trigonometric functions.
  • Regarding matrices and determinants, it is usual to find between 10 and 12 direct questions, and the properties of determinants, together with adjoints and matrix multiplication, can be solved quickly after one has practiced.
  • The part dealing with Analytical Geometry (in two and three dimensions) contains between 15 and 18 questions; particular attention should be given to the standard equations of lines, the distance formulas, circles, and three-dimensional planes as well as to direction ratios.
  • The topic of Probability and Statistics generally contains between 12 and 16 questions, most of which deal with coin tosses, dice rolls, cards, and Bayes' theorem in a predictable manner.
  • The part of the exam on calculus—this covering both differential and integral calculus—contains between 25 and 30 questions, the main emphasis being on standard derivatives, limits, the properties of definite integrals, and first-order differential equations.
PAPER 2: GENERAL ABILITY TEST (150 QUESTIONS / 600 MARKS) GAT Distribution
Part A: English Language (50 questions / 200 marks / 33.3% weightage)
• Spotting Errors & Grammar Usage (10 Qs) | Antonyms & Synonyms (20 Qs)
• Idioms & Phrasal Verbs (10 Qs) | Ordering of Words in a Sentence (10 Qs)
Part B: General Knowledge (100 questions / 400 marks / 66.7% weightage)
• In the field of physics there are around 25 questions (100 marks, which is 16.6% of the GAT)
• In the area of chemistry there are approximately 15 questions (60 marks, which is 10.0% of the GAT)
• In the fields of biology and science there are around 10 questions (40 marks, which is 6.7% of the GAT)
• History and Freedom: about 20 questions (approximately 80 marks / 13.3% of the GAT)
• In the area of geography there are approximately 20 questions (80 marks, which is 13.3% of the GAT)
• On current affairs: 10 questions (40 marks / 6.7% of the GAT)

GAT Part A: English Language Practice (200 Marks)

One-third of the GAT paper consists of English and this offers the greatest opportunity for quick scoring as the questions do not require any calculations.

The section on vocabulary (this covering synonyms and antonyms) consists of 20 questions (giving a total of 80 marks); the questions evaluate vocabulary in context rather than depending on obscure dictionary definitions.

The tests assess grammar by looking at subject-verb agreement, the use of prepositions, modifiers, the consistency of tenses, and conditional clauses.

A method of testing the logical connections between sentence fragments is to rearrange the sentences, and if you work through 50 questions from earlier years you will be able to quickly spot the opening and closing phrases.

GAT Part B: General Knowledge Subject Split (400 Marks)

Even though a number of the platforms present Part B as one general knowledge section, it in fact consists of separate academic subjects.

The physics section (approximately 100 marks) forms the largest part of Part B and covers the topics studied in Classes 9 and 10 as well as some fundamental concepts from Class 11, such as Newton's laws of motion, work and energy, Archimedes' principle, spherical mirrors, lenses, Ohm's law, and magnetic fields.

Chemistry (~60 Marks): Focuses on chemical equations, acids, bases, salts, oxidation and reduction, preparation of common gases (CO₂, H₂, O₂), fertilizers, and common materials (for example, plaster of Paris and baking soda).

The section on General Science and Biology (about 40 marks) covers cell structure, the different human organ systems, balanced nutrition, infectious diseases, and ecosystems.

History and the Indian National Movement (~80 Marks): The topic covers the British arrival, the revolt of 1857, the Indian National Congress, Gandhi's mass movements, and the major events in world history (such as the American and French Revolutions).

Geography (~80 Marks): This involves physical geography such as the solar system, the various layers of the earth, the different kinds of rock, atmospheric pressure belts, and ocean currents, as well as Indian geography which includes river systems, climate zones, the monsoons, types of soil, and national parks.

News relating to current affairs and defence (amounting to about 40 marks): news concerning the joint military exercises, the introduction of defence equipment, sports awards, summits, and scientific projects that took place over the past six to nine months.

SECTION 5: Why This Mock Test Series Was Put Together

I am Shubham Kumar Sah and I run SarkariMockTest.com. Most of the websites which offer mock tests for the NDA consider the exam as one overall score to aim at, and it is because of this that candidates end up failing even though they have a good total.

The UPSC does not decide solely on a candidate's total mark out of 900; rather, separate cutoffs are established for the Mathematics and the GAT, these usually being set at 20 to 25 per cent. A person might obtain a score of 400 in the GAT and yet still be rejected if their score in Mathematics is below the required minimum, even though their overall score is good.

The majority of the platforms bring the GAT down to a single figure of 600 and stop there. It must be regarded as comprising Part A, which is 200 marks in English, and Part B, consisting of 400 marks split between Physics, Chemistry, Biology, History, Geography, and Current Affairs. Should you be preparing for the 'GAT' without knowing this breakdown, you would then be guessing where your weak areas really are.

The series considers both types of gaps. Each mock test in this set works out your sectional cutoff score separately, not just your total score, and the GAT practice questions are organised in accordance with the actual Part A/Part B split. Since the actual UPSC examination is held on pen-and-paper OMR sheets and not on a screen, we have also included a printable OMR sheet for use when practising off-line——a feature which most online services entirely fail to provide.

The series is mostly free and you won't need to pay in order to find out before your written exam whether your real weakness is Maths or GAT.

Whenever I am preparing and updating the tests for candidates who wish to join the NDA, I always ask myself one question: will this in fact assist someone in clearing both the sectional cutoffs and facing their SSB interview with real confidence? And if the answer is no, then the material is not included.

SECTION 6: Competitor Gap Analysis: What Commercial Portals Miss

Commercial exam websites often use generic software that treats UPSC tests like ordinary screening exams:

Evaluation Area Commercial Competitors (Testbook / Adda247 / SSBCrack) Our Dedicated UPSC NDA Platform How This Protects Your Result
Sectional Cutoff Warning Displays total scores only, hiding whether you cleared individual papers Features an Automated Sectional Cutoff Evaluator for Maths and GAT Warns you immediately if your math score falls below the qualifying mark
GAT Sectional Structure Presents GAT as an undivided 600-mark block without subject tracking Tracks Part A (English) and Part B (GK) subjects with separate accuracy stats Shows whether you are losing marks in Physics or Indian History
Testing Medium Restricts practice to computer screens, ignoring physical bubbling Provides printable OMR sheets matching UPSC bubble layouts Eliminates bubbling errors on actual exam day
FAQ Relevance 70% of FAQs discuss subscriptions, refunds, and auto-renewals Contains 30 comprehensive, 100% exam-focused answers Gives clear information on eligibility, marking, and cutoffs
Bilingual Support Questions are often English-only or use poor machine translations Clean, verified bilingual questions in Hindi and English Lets you read and practice comfortably in either language

SECTION 7: Attempt Free NDA Mock Test 2027 (Full Length & Chapter Tests)

Practice with our timed test modules built to mirror official examination shifts:

TEST MODULE DIRECTORY — 900 MARKS WRITTEN SIMULATION Full Sets
[Paper 1 Test 01] Mathematics Full Simulation (120 Questions / 300 Marks / 150 Mins)
Focus: Full syllabus test covering Trigonometry, Calculus, Vectors & Matrices
[Paper 2 Test 01] General Ability Test (150 Questions / 600 Marks / 150 Mins)
Focus: 50 English + 100 General Knowledge (Physics, History, Geography)
[PYQ Paper 2024] UPSC NDA Official Previous Year Paper (Shift 1 & Shift 2 Solved)
Focus: Memory-based authentic shift questions with step-by-step solutions
[Chapter Drills] Targeted Math & Science Speed Sets (25 Questions / 30 Minutes Each)
Focus: Trigonometric ratios, definite integrals, and physics mechanics drills

Free Download of Mock Test PDFs and Answer Keys

If you prefer studying away from screens, use these offline resources:

  • A full mock test with the questions worked out: a PDF comprising 120 questions in Mathematics and 150 questions in GAT, each accompanied by detailed derivations.
  • Solved papers from the most recent cycles of the previous year's UPSC NDA question papers, including bilingual explanations.
  • A PDF containing important NDA questions in Hindi: a compilation of high-yield static General Knowledge and Science questions that have been translated for students of the Hindi-medium system.
  • Here is a printable PDF of the blank bubble sheet for the UPSC 120/150 exam, which can be used at home to practice shading with a physical pencil and pen.

SECTION 8: 5-Hour Endurance Strategy: How to Tackle Both Papers on Exam Day

To have to take two papers, each of two and a half hours' duration, on the same day is a demanding thing; just as important as your revision is your management of your energy, your diet, and your concentration during the break.

Session Time Window Paper & Target Focus Execution Strategy
First shift from 10.00 a.m. to 12.30 p.m. Paper 1: Mathematics (300 marks) 150 minutes to answer 120 questions | Aimed score of 60 to 75 for correct solutions. Take out the 75-mark First cut off and then deal with the rest.
Break 12:30 PM to 2:00 PM (90 Minutes Recess) Rest, Hydration & Diet Eat a light snack and drink water. Do not discuss math answers with friends so as to ensure that your concentration is maintained for the GAT.
Shift two From 02:00 to 04:30 Paper two: GAT (600 Marks) 150 minutes for 150 questions. Do Section A. English (50 Qs) in the first 40 mins, Next we will turn our attention to Science and Geography.

The 3-Round Strategy for Mathematics:

  • During the first round (from minute 00 to 50), go through the entire paper and answer only the direct and familiar questions; look for simple determinant calculations, vector cross-products, set theory operations, and basic trigonometry, and aim to solve between 30 and 35 questions in this initial pass.
  • In the second round, between the 50th and the 115th minute, work on the moderate, multi-step questions that involve coordinate geometry formulas, the properties of definite integrals, and quadratic roots; when doing your approximate calculations, take your time so as to avoid sign mistakes.
  • In the third round (from minute 115 to 150) you should check that the question numbers on the OMR sheet agree by looking for any bubbling errors; if there is any time left, attempt a number of questions in which you have eliminated two options.

The 3-Round Strategy for GAT:

  • For the first round (between minute 00 and 45): Do Section A in English. Listen to each sentence once and choose your answers based on clear grammatical rules.
  • In the second round, from the 45th minute to the 110th minute, do the B section, which is the general knowledge part; answer the questions on physics, chemistry, geography and history by recalling the answers directly and skip those questions about which you have never seen.
  • In the third round, between the 110th and the 150th minute, review the questions which have been marked, go through the more difficult comprehension passages once again, and make sure still that your OMR bubble alignments are correct.

SECTION 9: Platform Features & Diagnostic Analytics

Our testing system gives you clear diagnostic feedback to guide your preparation:

  • A heatmap by subject: in this case your percentage scores are broken down by subject, the subjects being Mathematics, English, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, History, and Geography.
  • The analysis of the time spent on questions shows which questions involve math derivations that take more than 90 seconds or GAT recall that takes more than 45 seconds.
  • It is possible to compare your written score with the scores of thousands of other candidates who are at present preparing throughout the country using the All-India Percentile and Rank Tracking feature.
  • A generator for printable OMR sheets allows you to download standard bubble sheets so that exam conditions using a pen and paper can be reproduced at your desk.
  • With each math question, the complete formulas as well as alternative shortcut methods are provided.
  • Take short 15-minute daily quizzes on defence news and national updates to keep up with your revision.

🤖 SECTION 10: AI-Based Weak Area Recommendation

Personalized Diagnostics

If you take practice exams without reviewing the mistakes you have made, you will end up making the same errors on the day of the actual exam. The testing platform is equipped with an automated AI diagnostic engine that functions in a way similar to a personal tutor by looking at your answer sheet.

Here is how the analysis works:

  • When you have completed a full practice test for either Paper 1 or Paper 2, hand in your answers.
  • The engine keeps a record of whether each question is answered correctly, incorrectly, or is skipped, for each topic.
  • If you score highly in Calculus and English vocabulary the dashboard will still show those topics in red because marks have been deducted for Trigonometric Identities or Physical Geography.
  • The system offers the suggestion that you should study: "As your accuracy dropped below 40% in Trigonometry (Heights and Distances) and Indian Physical Geography (Rivers and Monsoons), you should begin by going through our reference notes on trigonometric ratios and the origins of rivers, and then proceed to our 25-question targeted drill before taking your next full mock test."

NDA mock test 2027 practice interface showing category accuracy heatmap and time trackingCaption: The performance dashboard, which uses AI, displays heatmaps organised by subject, provides analytics on the time taken for each question, and gives personalised suggestions for revision to those candidates who are aiming to pass the UPSC NDA exam.

SECTION 11: Free vs Paid Mock Tests: What You Receive

We believe that all candidates should be able to get access to basic exam preparation. The comparison between our free practice level and the commercial platforms is shown in the table below:

Feature / Tool Our Free Platform Access Commercial Paid Platforms
Full Dual-Paper Tests Full Paper 1 & Paper 2 sets free 1 sample test free, then paywalls
Sectional Cutoff Tool Automated evaluator included free Shows only total combined marks
GAT Subject Separation Clear Part A (200M) & Part B (400M) Merges GAT into one 600-mark block
Negative Marking Engine The specific official figures for negative marking, that is to say 0.833 and 1.333, are generally given in rounded forms expressed as basic percentages.
Printable OMR Sheets Free downloadable PDF bubble sheets Online screen tests only
Detailed Solutions Step-by-step math derivations free Locked behind subscription tiers
All-India Leaderboard Real-time rank and state percentiles Basic score with limited analytics

SECTION 12: 15 Common Mistakes Aspirants Make in NDA Exams

Avoid these frequent errors to protect your score on exam day:

  • Ignoring the Mathematics Sectional Cutoff: focusing merely on the GAT and scoring less than 60 to 75 marks in maths, which leads to immediate disqualification.
  • The amount deducted for incorrect answers is confusing since, unlike the other exams where a deduction of 0.25 mark is made, a deduction of 0.833 marks is applied in Maths and 1.333 marks in GAT.
  • Attempting to solve too many math problems causes errors in calculation and results in heavy penalties.
  • If GAT were treated as a single subject, 200 marks that were available in Part A would be lost because English grammar is not taken into account when studying only science.
  • Practicing only on computer screens leads to the incorrect bubble rows being filled in during the actual pen-and-paper exam.
  • It took four minutes to deal with one integral problem instead of trying three simpler matrix questions.
  • Even though the UPSC usually sets questions based on the principles studied in Classes 9 and 10, candidates still persist in memorizing complicated numerical formulas.
  • Ignoring the fundamental principles of physical geography by merely memorizing the facts without understanding the atmospheric pressure belts, the ocean currents, and the planetary winds.
  • Carrying out tasks at home casually without keeping track of whether or not you can finish each one in 75 seconds.
  • It causes anxiety and leads to a deterioration of concentration on the afternoon GAT paper when you check the answers during the lunch break while changing shifts.
  • The candidates were required to fill in their answers in the last ten minutes, which forced them to do so quickly and as a result they made mistakes when aligning the bubbles.
  • Not carrying out exercises involving the reordering of sentences in English: leaving out work on para-jumbles, since they offer 40 predictable marks when practiced regularly.
  • With the GAT, if you guess on general knowledge questions you lose 1.333 marks for each answer that is wrong.
  • Omitting the NCERT foundation texts and instead using only thick advanced reference books without carefully going through the NCERT textbooks from Class 9 to 12.
  • Taking mock tests without keeping a notebook in which you record and then review the questions that you get wrong.

SECTION 13: 60-Day Preparation Strategy (Maths + GAT Part A + GAT Part B)

Follow this structured study plan to prepare for both papers systematically:

Study Phase Timeframe Mathematics Priority GAT Language & GK Priority
Phase 1: Foundations Days 01 – 20 Trigonometry, Matrices, Determinants and Vectors in Two Dimensions Master English grammar rules; read NCERT Physics and Chemistry for Classes 9 to 10.
Phase 2: Core Areas Days 21 – 40 Differential Calculus, Probability & Statistics Indian Physical Geography, Modern History, and 30 vocabulary words daily
Phase 3: Integration Days 41 – 50 Integral Calculus, Circles, Conic Sections & Algebra Review 6 months of current affairs, defense exercises & sentence ordering
Phase 4: Full Mocks Days 51 – 60 Attempt two full dual-paper carry out simulations every week Complete tests under 5-hour endurance involving paper OMR bubbling.

SECTION 14: Category-Wise Cutoff Trends (Historical Benchmarks)

UPSC announces minimum qualifying written scores out of 900 along with final recommended scores out of 1800 (including the 900-mark SSB interview):

Examination Cycle Written Exam Cutoff (900 M) Mandatory Sectional Cutoff per Paper
NDA 1 (Recent Benchmark) 355 – 365 Marks 25% (75 Marks in Maths, 150 in GAT)
NDA 2 (Recent Benchmark) 345 – 355 Marks 20% to 25% (60 to 75 Marks in Maths)
Previous Cycle Benchmark 340 – 350 Marks 25% (75 Marks in Maths, 150 in GAT)
Recommended Target Score 400+ Marks 120+ in Maths & 280+ in GAT (Safe Zone)

Insight on scoring: Although meeting the written cutoff (which is generally about 355 marks) entitles you to take the SSB interview, targeting 400 or more marks provides a safe margin when the final merit list is prepared after the interview phase.

Section 15: Eligibility criteria – age limit, education and medical standards

Candidates who are applying for the National Defence Academy must satisfy the official requirements established by the UPSC and the Ministry of Defence:

Parameter Official Commission Requirement
Nationality Citizen of India, subject of Nepal, or Tibetan refugee settled before 1962
Gender & Marital Status Unmarried Male and Female candidates are eligible; marriage during training is strictly prohibited.
Age Limit Window Between 16.5 and 19.5 years of age (it has to be within the birth dates specified in the gazette)
Education: Army Passed or appearing in Class 12 (10+2) in any stream from a recognized board
Education: Air Force & Navy Passed or appearing in Class 12 (10+2) with Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics (PCM) from a recognized board
Physical Fitness Good physical and mental health; free from flat foot, knock knees, or squint
Projected Administrative Timeline (2027 Recruitment Cycle)
  • NDA 1 2027 Notification: Expected in December 2026 or early January 2027 (Still not officially announced)
  • NDA 1 2027 Written Exam: Expected in April 2027 (Still not officially announced)
  • NDA 2 2027 Notification: Expected in May or June 2027 (Still not officially announced)
  • NDA 2 2027 Written Exam: Expected in September 2027 (Still not officially announced)
  • SSB Interview Sessions: Take place 4 to 8 weeks after the written exam results (Still not officially announced)

SECTION 16: Sample High-Yield Practice Questions with Solutions

Review the following sample questions which show the level of difficulty of both papers:

Sample Question 1: Paper 1 Mathematics (Matrices & Determinants)
Question: If A is a square matrix of order 3 × 3 such that det(A) = 5, what is the value of det(2A)?
(A) 10      (B) 20      (C) 40      (D) 50

Correct Answer: (C) 40

Explanation:
For any square matrix A of order n × n and for a scalar constant k, there is a determinant property that states:
det(kA) = k^n × det(A)
In this case, the order of the matrix is n = 3, the scalar is k = 2, and det(A) = 5.
Substitute these values into the formula:
det(2A) = 2^3 × det(A) = 8 × 5 = 40.

Sample Question 2: Paper 2 GAT (Physics — Optics)
Question: A ray of light travels from water into glass. If the refractive index of water is 1.33 and that of glass is 1.50, what happens to the ray of light?
(A) It bends away from the normal with increased speed
(B) It bends toward the normal with decreased speed
(C) It continues in a straight line with increased speed
(D) It bends away from the normal with unchanged speed

Correct Answer: (B) It bends toward the normal with decreased speed

Explanation:
Glass has a higher refractive index (1.50) than water (1.33), so it is optically denser. When light travels from an optically rarer medium into an optically denser medium, it slows down and refracts towards the normal line.

Sample Question 3: Paper 2 GAT (English — Spotting Errors)
Question: Identify which part of the sentence contains an error:
Neither the officer (A) / nor his soldiers (B) / was present in the barracks during the alert (C) / No error (D)

Correct Answer: (C) was present in the barracks during the alert

Explanation:
According to subject-verb agreement rules, when subjects are joined by "Neither... nor" or "Either... or", the verb agrees with the nearer subject. The subject closest to the verb is "soldiers" (plural). Therefore, the singular verb "was" must be replaced by the plural verb "were". The correct sentence is: "Neither the officer nor his soldiers were present in the barracks during the alert."

SECTION 17: Daily Current Affairs & Defense Awareness

News on defence matters, tactical missile tests, and joint military exercises often appear in Part B of the GAT paper. Spend 15 minutes every morning taking our free daily current affairs quiz to check your memory of international summits, national appointments, and defence developments:

Take Free Daily Current Affairs & Defense GK Quiz
🏛️ Official UPSC Examination & Armed Forces Verification For authentic NDA & NA exam circulars, official notifications, and verified merit gazettes, candidates are advised to refer directly to the Union Public Service Commission Official Portal (UPSC Website) and the Join Indian Army Official Recruitment Gateway.

About the Author

Ali Hassan works as a Senior Content Editor for SarkariMockTest.com, focusing on the UPSC and national defence recruitment exams. He has more than three years' practical experience in analysing examination patterns and checks question papers to make sure they match the current style of questions and meet established factual standards.

Practical Preparation Tip: Securing Your SSB Call Letter

Consistent practice across both papers is the key to clearing the written exam:

  1. Check the syllabus weightage table listed above to see if Mathematics or GAT Part B should receive more attention.
  2. Spend twenty minutes going over the essential trigonometric identities, calculus derivative rules, and physics formulae in your revision notebook.
  3. Begin a free practice session on the NDA Mock Test 2027 platform by using a printed OMR sheet.
  4. Look over your scorecard, check the status of your sectional cutoff clearance, and study the step-by-step solutions for the questions that you got wrong.
  5. To build up the basic level of fitness required for the SSB physical test, spend ten minutes each day on physical exercises such as running, push-ups, and pull-ups.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q What is there as a negative point in the NDA exam?

In the UPSC NDA exam negative marking is equal to one-third (1/3rd) of the marks given to each question. With regard to Paper 1 (Mathematics), each incorrect answer results in a deduction of 0.833 marks from the total of 2.5. As for Paper 2 (GAT), each wrong answer causes a loss of 1.333 marks out of 4.0.

Q Will there be a sectional cutoff in the written examination for the NDA?

The UPSC does in fact set an individual qualifying cut-off for both Paper 1 (Mathematics) and Paper 2 (GAT), this usually lying between 20 per cent and 25 per cent—equivalent to a minimum score of 60 to 75 marks in Mathematics and 120 to 150 marks in GAT—and candidates who fail to meet the sectional cut-off are disqualified even if their total mark is high.

Q Can UPSC NDA mock tests be obtained in Hindi?

The complete set of full-length NDA mock tests and question papers is available in two languages, namely Hindi and English, just as the official UPSC examination is.

Q How is the mark distribution arranged for the NDA selection?

The NDA selection procedure is governed by a total of 1800 marks, of which 900 come from the written examination (300 from Maths and 600 from the GAT) and 900 from the five-day SSB interview and personality test.

Q What is the difference between GAT Part A and Part B?

Part A focuses on the English Language, including grammar, vocabulary, and comprehension, with a maximum score of 200 from 50 questions, while Part B deals with General Knowledge in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Biology, History, Geography, and Current Affairs, offering a total of 400 marks based on 100 questions.

Q How many questions are there in the NDA Mathematics paper?

The Mathematics paper consists of exactly 120 multiple-choice questions amounting to 300 marks and the candidates have 2.5 hours (150 minutes) to finish it.

Q How many questions are there in the NDA GAT paper?

The General Ability Test paper consists of 150 multiple-choice questions summing to 600 marks, of which Part A (English) contains 50 questions and Part B (General Knowledge) contains 100.

Q What educational qualification is required by the Army Wing of the NDA?

To apply for the Army Wing one must either have already passed the 12th Class examination under the 10+2 system of school education or be currently taking it or have secured a qualification of equivalent value from a recognized state or central board.

Q What educational qualification is required by the Air Force and Naval Wings?

People who are entering the Air Force, the Navy, or the Naval Academy must either have already taken or be taking at the time of application their Class 12 examinations in Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics (PCM) with a recognized educational board.

Q What is the highest age that can be prescribed for joining the UPSC NDA?

When people begin the course their age must be between 16.5 and 19.5 years, the precise date-of-birth ranges being stated in the official UPSC notification.

Q Is it possible for women to apply for the NDA exam?

Women who are not married are fully eligible to apply for the examination for the National Defence Academy and the Naval Academy in the Army, Navy, and Air Force branches and are treated in the same way as everyone else.

Q May candidates who are studying arts or commerce take the NDA exam?

Students coming from the arts or commerce streams can apply for the Army Wing of the National Defence Academy, but not for the Air Force, the Navy, or the Naval Academy wings.

Q What is the duration of each paper in the NDA written examination?

Paper 1 (Mathematics) and Paper 2 (General Ability Test) each have a duration of 2.5 hours (150 minutes), so the total time taken for the examinations on the day of the exam is 5 hours.

Q Can the NDA mock tests be downloaded in PDF format?

It is certainly possible to obtain full-length test papers, question papers from earlier years, and detailed step-by-step solutions in the form of printable PDF files for use when studying and revising off-line.

Q What is there to favour the use of a printable OMR sheet?

The fact that the UPSC conducts the NDA exam offline by using pens and paper with bubble sheets means that practicing on physical OMR sheets will help to increase your speed at shading and avoid costly row-shifting errors.

Q What percentage of the GAT paper is physics?

The physics portion is worth about 100 of the 600 marks, with the section containing approximately 25 questions drawn from the curriculum of Classes 9 and 10 as well as the fundamental topics of Class 11.

Q What is the number of Chemistry questions in the GAT paper?

Chemistry typically consists of 15 questions worth approximately 60 marks, and these questions deal with basic chemical equations, acids, bases, everyday materials, and metals.

Q What percentage of the GAT paper consists of Geography?

The geography part includes around 20 questions summing to 80 marks and deals with physical geography, climate systems, ocean currents, and the agricultural and river patterns in India.

Q How many marks are assigned to History in the GAT paper?

The total number of marks available is 80 and is spread among 20 questions, the majority of the marks focusing on the Indian National Freedom Movement and on the major world revolutions.

Q What standard score is needed if you want to pass the NDA written examination with confidence?

In order to have a good chance of meeting the written cutoff and to ensure a strong position in the final merit ranking, candidates should aim for between 380 and 420 marks out of the total 900.

Q Does the NDA examination have an interview stage?

Those who pass the written examination are eligible to take the Services Selection Board (SSB) interview, the interview assessing officer qualities through the use of psychological tests, group tasks, and interviews which carry 900 marks.

Q What role does the Automated Sectional Cutoff Evaluator have in the preparation process?

The evaluator checks your scores against the historical qualifying thresholds for both Maths and GAT, ensuring that your lower-scoring paper is not overlooked.

Q What math topics are given the most importance in Paper 1?

The topics which carry the most weight are Trigonometry, Analytical Geometry (in two and three dimensions), Calculus, Matrices and Determinants, and Probability, these making up over 70% of Paper 1.

Q Is the NDA examination based on the syllabus for Classes 11 and 12?

Paper 1 Mathematics is entirely in accordance with the NCERT curriculum for Classes 11 and 12, and GAT Science and Social Studies mainly reflect the NCERT concepts for Classes 9 and 10.

Q Can candidates sitting for their Class 12 examinations take the NDA exam?

Students who are in their first year of senior high school under the 10+2 system can apply and take the exam provided that they give proof of having completed the course before the class begins.

Q How is the method for preparing the final merit list in order to be selected for the NDA?

The list of candidates at the end is prepared on the basis of 1800 marks by combining the marks obtained in the written examination (out of 900) with the marks obtained in the SSB interview (out of 900).

Q Does the UPSC carry out normalisation between the various shifts in the NDA exam?

There is no need for normalisation as all the candidates throughout the country take the same Paper 1 and Paper 2 question papers on the same examination day.

Q What would happen if an applicant marked two boxes for the same question on the OMR sheet?

When the optical scanner finds that two bubbles have been marked for the same question, it treats this as an incorrect answer and gives the normal one-third negative marking penalty.

Q I would like to find out where the official recruitment advertisements for the NDA exam are available.

The official notices, the application periods and the examination results are published directly on the website of the Union Public Service Commission at upsc.gov.in.

Q Why do people practice full-length mock tests before the day of the exam?

Performing full simulations of the 5-hour test has the effect of building up your physical endurance, teaches you how to select your questions when time is strictly limited, and allows you to avoid losing marks as a result of negative marking.

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